When she began to wail, a knot formed in my throat and my eyes welled with tears. I didn’t understand her native Quechua other than three words in Spanish that ripped into my ears with the sharpness of a switchblade. Terrorista—terrorist. Innocente—innocent. Justicia—justice. We are not terrorists, she said. We are innocent, she shouted. All we want is justice. The last word was when the wailing began. And as the microphone was gently but intentionally snatched from her grip, I began to wonder if our presence was helping heal her wounds or further deepening them. We didn’t give her the time to mourn and wail before the crowd, we had a deadline to meet, a caravan of journalists and photographers who had to get back to civilization by 5pm. No time for the uncontrolled lament of a woman bearing 25 years of grief, we needed to get this show on the road.
I sound like I am criticizing the action that was taken, but upon reflection, I understand the prudence of the decision. The press really did need to get back to the city so that the news could be broadcast to the entire nation and to the world. Headline: Victims of Putis massacre receive dignified burial. The bodies of 92 victims who were systematically assassinated by the Peruvian armed forces nearly 25 years ago in the rural mountain village of Putis in the highland province of Ayacucho finally receive a Christian burial and are put to rest in dignity.
The world needs to know what happened in Putis. And though 92 of the victims who were killed in cold blood on December 13, 1984 have now been put to rest, the story of Putis is not complete. There are at least 31 other victims, according to the numbers in the Final Report of Peru’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission, who have not yet been uncovered or identified. Moreover, no one has been tried for the crimes against humanity committed at Putis. The Peruvian ministry of defense refuses to release the names of those commanders who authorized the massacre. Until justice is served, that woman’s wail will continue to pierce the thin air of the Peruvian highlands. Last weekend’s events may not have closed her wounds, but I am consoled by the knowledge that there is a team of dedicated mental health specialists that are committed to the ongoing accompaniment of the family members of those killed at Putis. And I choose to remain hopeful that one day her cry for justice will be heard, and she will cease to wail.
In the meantime, may her wail be an impetus for these words. They are an effort to continue to seek justice and also a moment to reflect and give thanks for the steps along the way that help us maintain hope in the path toward reconciliation. The nation of Peru is on the path. Sometimes the path feels like the road to Putis—long and windy, covered by chokingly thick dust and so many potholes that you think the tires will go flat before you ever arrive, that is, if you don’t accidentally veer too far to the side of the road and tumble off the cliffside at a 4,000 meter altitude into the penetrating valley below.
After 20 years of violent conflict between the Peruvian armed forces and revolutionary terrorist groups (the Shining Path and the MRTA), the challenge that faces this nation is enormous. Reconciliation requires reparations and healing on a personal level, like helping the wailing woman overcome her grief instead of being overcome by it. It demands healing on a communal level. Burying Putis’ dead and giving the community a place to go and visit their loved ones is one step forward on this healing road, a symbolic act of solidarity that helps rebuild a community. But reconciliation also requires healing on a national level, where the Peruvian State takes responsibility for its actions and holds accountable those who are guilty of systematic human rights violations. This is where a huge roadblock remains in the case of Putis. Forensic evidence has made it abundantly clear that the Peruvian armed forces murdered at least 92 innocent villagers in Putis, 40% of whom were children under the age of 10. Personal testimony confirms that there are at least 31 more victims. The military forced the men to dig a trench under the presumption that they were digging a fish farming pool, then shot the men and threw their bodies in the trench. Women were also murdered and their bodies thrown in the trench, but not until after they were repeatedly raped.
As I write these words the reality of what occurred in Putis seems so violent and atrocious to me that I can’t even begin to understand how something like this could have ever happened. It sickeningly awes me to think of the extremity of the human capacity for evil. It blows my mind that a government that considers itself democratic, that claims that it wants to pursue national reconciliation, is unwilling to bring such grave injustice into the courts. But I guess I shouldn’t be surprised; no one likes to take their skeletons out of the closet.
Thankfully, in the case of Putis, the Peruvian government did not have a choice. The skeletons came out. The trenches at Putis could not contain them. And that is a reason for hope. The gospel writer John explains that mankind loved darkness instead of light because their deeds were evil, but the verdict is in: Light has come into the world, and the darkness cannot overcome it. The light will expose all darkness. This is the hope of resurrection, the promise that ultimately, life is more powerful than death.
I was reminded of this resurrection power in my journey to and from Putis. I had the privilege of traveling with Norma Hinojoza, a woman who spent the 1990’s walking in solidarity with those whose lives were caught in the crossfire of the armed conflict. She has become one of the most respected friends and advocates of many Peruvians in the Ayacuchan highlands, mostly indigenous and Quechua speaking, who lost loved ones, faced false accusations and arrests, and were forced to flee their homes and villages during the years of political violence.
On the morning of the Putis burial I woke up next to Norma on the floor of the Assemblies of God church in Santillana, a small town on the road to Putis where we had stopped the previous night to have a candlelight vigil and to rest before journeying to our final destination.
“Grace,” Norma roused me and I groggily sat up in my sleeping bag.
“I was thinking about the children.” She was referring to the murdered children of Putis. The majority of them were so young. How anyone could justify the murder of a child is still way beyond what I even want to try to understand. “They never got to experience the abundant life that Jesus promised.”
I nodded, trying to focus my mind and listen to what I knew were going to be words of wisdom in Spanish at 6:00 am.
“People think that they can hide the truth and it will be buried and no one will ever find out. But it can’t be buried. The promise of abundant life lives on in us.” She said. Knowing what happened to them, seeing these coffins that bear the remains of their little bodies. It helps us to be people of solidarity. It helps us to understand even just a little bit more why the promise of Jesus is so necessary, and hopefully, it makes us better people.
I sat and listened to Norma and I remembered the faces of the children that I had observed the previous day when we had another ceremony in the city of Huanta. There was a display board set up with an illustrated story of what happened at Putis and a list of names of those who were victims of the massacre. As I watched a group of kids read it with such intensity in their eyes, I was convinced that history was teaching a lesson to a new generation, and that they would never forget what they read about Putis. The story could not remain hidden; the children of Putis had a message to share with their peers. They communicated to us as their remains were marched through the cities of Huamanga, Huanta, Santillana, places they probably never arrived at in their short lives on earth, and finally reached their resting place on a small plot of land near the Putis village.
So, through I am grieved, I am grateful. Grateful to have been able to be part of this historic and symbolic moment, a step forward on the path. Grateful that though the road is long there is a God who is stronger that our broken humanity, who is illuminating places of darkness and evil and whose resurrection force will always hold out the promise of abundant life.
For more information about Putis (in Spanish), please see the website: http://justiciaparaputis.org/

